A Glossary of Spanish, Panamanian and Central American Cooking Terms

As a preface to our culinary lexicon I think it’s important to briefly examine the evolutionary linguistic of Panamas Caribbean/Central American polyglot Spanish.  A variety of indigenous native tongues meshed with explorers and settlers from various areas of Iberia who spoke at least four different Spanish dialects. Often it’s difficult for us to realize that during the last half of the second millennia people were usually born, raised and died in the same village ….. never traveling farther then an outlying field, neighboring village or forest. When the islands of the Caribbean rim were annexed by the Spanish, English, French and Dutch they imported African laborers, to replaced the depopulated colonies, who spoke over 50 different dialects and brought not only their languages but also many new culinary constructs and cultivars.  Many of the items, now considered main stays of the Central American-Caribbean diet,  traveled along with the Old World Explorers and their slaves to terra firma and Panama.  Without this inoculation the New World would not have rice, sugar, chickens, beef, pork, coffee, gandules, citrus, cooking oils, cucumbers, bananas, yams, olives, salt cod, salted beef, the horse, wheel, guitar, malaria and many others items we take for granted.  Unfortunately the millions of conscripted African laborers were usually worked to death under horrific conditions that severely limited reproduction. Fresh replacements had to be imported in a continuing cycle that prevented the formal adaption of a culinary lexicon that named common cultivars be they neophytes or archaeophytes.  In the many microclimates of Central America  plants cross pollinate with astounding variety and frequency adding hundreds of regional varieties/entries to the culinary vocabulary. So the Spanish picked up, from the original peoples, or introduced, words that were then taken to the next destination that already had an existing lexicon and these terms were then shaped to fit it. Many different items are represented by a lemma or generic lexemic head words that require a qualifying adjective for clarification. This means that by adding a small part of speech to one term or name it becomes another entirely different entity.

Panama’s native foodways owe their preservation to the cultural and achaeophyte isolation and the continued economic conditions of a subsistance farming economy.  The interior has none of the fast food outlets that are slowly making in roads all over the world because if you only make $9 a day it’s unlikely that you’re going to spend $3 at Mickey D’s.  That’s not to say there’s no street food because there is, but that offered in most outlets is aimed at the lower half of the economy and relies on starchy roots, and vegetables.   The WBO estimates that 50% of the total calories of the poorest half of Panamas population come from rice, oil and sugar and that certainly explains the use of anything you might grow, or dig up in the wild.  When the African Pan Spermia subsided, due to  emancipation, a great many East Indians came to the area bringing their respective languages, dialects and imported cultivars.  The Chinese also came in substantial numbers until Panama limited their immigration much like the US did.  Furthermore Panamanian Spanish is not the same dialect spoken in Costa Rica, Columbia or Mexico and the patois changes from area to area within the small republic so this “Spanish” food glossary is only an attempt to codify some of the many terms for the English speaking foodie or traveler.  You can also visit our  recipe site listed on the blogroll to see how many of these ingredients are used in everyday Panamanian cuisine.

Abadejo

•  Haddock, Not Local

Abulon/Loco/Orejas De Mar

• Abalone, Usually Only From Chile

Aceite

• Oil, Not Indigenous

Aceituna

• Olives, Not Indigenous

Acelyas/Acelga

• Swiss Chard, Not Indigenous

Acerola/Huesito/Cereso

• Barbados Or Puerto Rican Cherry, Indigenous

Achicoria 

•  Chicory, Not Indigenous

Achiote/Bixa

• Ground Annatto Seeds, From The Lipstick Tree

Achira 

• Canna Lily,  Rhizome Like Arrowroot

Achuras

• Leftovers

Adobo Store Bought

• Spice Mix Or Rub; Goya Brand

Adobo

•  Chilies, Garlic, Thyme Vinegar Paste/Coating

Agave/Maguery

• Cactus Like Lily, Indigenous

Agridulce 

•  Sweet And Sour

Agringados

• Latin’s Who’ve Gone Gringo

Agrio/Acido

• Sour-Bitter-Acidic

Agua Fresca

• Fruit Or Herb Beverage Usually Contains Fruit

Agua

• Water

Aguacate

• Avocado, The Local Ones Are Huge, Indigenous

Aguja  

• Beef Chuck Roll Roast, Or Needle Steak

Aguayon/Palomilla

• Top Sirloin, Tip

Ahumar

• To Smoke Or Smoked

Ahuyama/Anco/Joke

• Various Squashes, Indigenous

Airon

• Egret

Ajedrea

• Savory, Not Indigenous

Aji Chombo

• Scotch Bonnet, Very Hot, Indigenous

Aji Sauce

• Like Salsa

Aji Pimiento

•  Sweet Chili Peppers Lots Of Kinds, Indigenous

Ajo  

• Garlic, Some Indigenous Varieties

Ajonjoli   

• Sesame Seed, Not Indigenous

Akee, Seso Vegetal, Fruta  Huevo

• Ackee, Not Indigenous

Al Carbón

• Cooked Over Coals, BBQ

Al Gusto

• To Taste

Alambre/Pincho

• Wires Of Meat Or Veg, Brochettes, Skewers

Alemendo/Sarrapia

•  Tonka Beans, Indigenous

Alas

• Wings, Like Chicken

Albahaca

• Basil, There’s A Wild Variety Too, Not Indigenous

Albardilla

• To Batter

Albaricoques

• Apricots, Not Indigenous

Albondiga

• Meatball

Alcachofa

• Artichoke, Not Indigenous

Alcaparra   

• Caper, Not Indigenous

Alcaparrado

• Table Condiment Of Capers, Pimientos & Olives

Alcapurria

• Yautia, Banana, Picadillo (Meat-Fish-Fowl) Fritter

Alcaravea

• Caraway, Not Indigenous

Alemandra

• Almonds, Not Indigenous

Algarrabo 

• Carob, St. Johns Bread, Not Indigenous

Almeja   

• Clam, Fresh And Sea, Many Types, Names

Almibar 

• Syrup

Almuerzo/ Almorzar

• Midmorning Meal, Lunch

Alverjas

• Peas, Not Indigenous

Amaranth/Kiwicha/Hualti

• Callaloo Greens, Chinese Spinach, Seeds, Indigenous

Ambarella/Ciruela

• Mombin, Hog Plum, Golden Apple, Not Indigenous

Anadir

• Add

Anchoa/Bocon/Anchovetas

•  Anchovy, About 20 Species, Fish Meal

Ardilla

• Squirrel, Many Species

Anejo

• Aged

Angel

• Angelfish, Many Multihued Species

Anguila

•  Eel, About 20 Local Varieties

Anis

• Anise Seed, Not Indigenous

Annatto Oil

•  Oil Infused With Annatto Seeds Or Achiote

Annatto Seeds

• Base For Achiote, Body Paint, Indigneous

Anillos

• Rings As In Calamari or Those Under Your Eyes

Anisillo/Chilca/Chinchilla

•  Type Of Marigold Used For Tea, Herb

Annona

• Bullock Heart, Sweetsop, Indigneous

Anon

• Sugar Apple, Sparse, Indigenous

Anona, Cherimola

• Custard Apple, Sweetsop, Indigenous

Anona/Soncoya/Ilama

• Eatable Fruit, 150 Varieties, Confusing, Indigenous

Antojito

• Appetizer

Apagar

• Turn Off

Apio/Nabo/Apirrabano

• Celery Or Celery/Carrot Like Root, Indigenous

Aplanar

• Roll Out/Flatten

Aquaymanto,Uchuva

• Cape Gooseberry, Incaberry, Indigenous

Aquja/Pez Vela

• Sailfish

Araca Boi, Araza

• Big Guava Relative, Indigenous

Aranas

• Hash Brown Like Fritters, Stuffed

Arandano

•  Cranberry, Not Indigenous

Arenque Ahumado

• Smoked Herring/Sardine

Arenque

• Sardine/Herring About 25 Local Species

Arepa

• Corn Bread, Almost Like a Muffin,  Polenta Like Cakes

Armadillo

• Armadill

Arracacha

• Peruvian Carrot, Indigenous

Arracheras 

• Skirt, Flank Steak Or Fajita

Arrayan, Guyabita Del Peru

•  One Of Over A 100 Guavas, Not Indigenous

Arroz Con Dulce

• Sweet Rice, Rice Pudding

Arroz Con Grandules

• Rice, Pigeon Peas-Hoppin John-Cassemento

Arroz Con Pollo

• The Latin Archetypical Chicken And Achiote Rice

Arroz Y Habichuelas

• Rice And Beans, Lots Of Variations

Arroz

• Rice

Asado/Asar

• Roast Or To Carve

Asado De Cerdo

• Pork Leg Or Butt, Boned Or Not, For Roasting

Asado De Costilla

• Rib Roasts, Prime Rib

Asado De Pulpo Blanca

• Top Round

Asado De Pulpo Negro

• Bottom Round

Asopas 

• Spanish Thick Rice Soup/Stew

Asparagus 

• Asparagus, Not Indigenous

Atar 

• Tie, As With String

Atemoya

• Annona And Squamosa Hybrid, Recent

Atun

• Tuna, 16 Species

Ausubo

• Apple Like Non Commercial Fruit, Little Known

Avellana

• Hazelnut/Filbert, Not Indigenous

Avena 

• Oats, Not Indigenous

Ayocote 

• Scarlet Runner Bean, Indigenous

Azafran De La India

• Turmeric, Not Indigenous

Azafran

• Saffron, Not Indigenous

Azucar

• Sugar, Not Indigenous

Babilla, Bistec

• Knuckle

Bacalaitos

• Salt Cod Fritters/Cakes

Bacalao Salado

• Dried, Salted Cod A World Staple For Centuries

Bacalao 

• Fresh Cod/Not Local,

Bagre 

• Catfish

Balsamino/Carela/Cudeanor

•  Bitter Melon, Not Indigenous

Banar 

• Cover With Sauce

Barracuda/Picuda

• Barracuda

Barras

•  Loaf

Batidor/Mezclador

• Mixer

Batidos

• Fruit Smoothy With Milk Like A Shake

Batir

•  To Whip Like Cream Or Eggs

Belona 

• Gar

Berenjena

• Eggplant, Not Indigenous

Berro

• Watercress, Nasturtium, Not Indigenous

Besugo   

• Sea Bream or Porgy

Bijao/Plantinillo

• Herbal Leaf, Wrapper Tamales etc., Indigenous

Biriba/Rollinia

• Another Spiky Anona, Little Known, Indigenous

Bistec Al Minuto

• Minute Steak

Bistec De Lomo

• New York Steak

Bistec Picado/Suavizado

•  Swiss Steak

Bistec De Pierna

• Round Leg Steak, Bone In Top Round

Bistec

• Beef Steak

Blanquear

• To Blanch

Bobo

•  Mullet

Bocadillo

• Guava Paste Snack Or Tiny Plantain, Like Quince Paste

Bollo 

• Corn Tamale Like, Cigar Shaped, Husk or Leaf Wrapped

Bollo, Maize Nuevo

• Fresh Corn, Like The Above, Sweet or Savory

Bollo, Penando

• Cob Removed,  Corn Kernals Cut & Mixed With ???, Then Rewrapped and Boiled

Bonito  

• Bonito Tuna, Mackrel

Borde 

• Edge

Borojo 

• Large Fruit, Indigenous

Borrego/Cordero

• Lamb

Botana

• Snack, To Dip

Brevas

• Figs, Not Indigenous

Brocoli/Broculi

• Broccoli, Not Indigenous

Brotes De Soya

• Bean Sprouts, Not Indigenous

Bully Beef

• Corned Beef, From French Bouilli For Boiled Beef

Buitre 

• Vulture

Bunchosia 

• Peanut Butter Fruit

Bunuelo

• Raised Beignet, Sweet Or Not

Caballa

• Mackerel, 5 Varieties

Caballito De Mar

• Sea Horse

Cabeluda, Jaboticaba Amarillo

• Fruit For Dessert, Juices, Ices

Cabrito

• Young Goat

Cacahuete/Mani

• Peanuts, Many Types Indigenous

Cacao

• Coco

Cacao/Cacahuatl

• Tree That Produces Cocoa Beans/Nibs, Indigenous

Cacaui

• False Cacao Fruit, Seeds Roasted For Inferior Cacao

Cachalote

• Whales, Several Species

Café, Leche, Tinta, Negro

• Coffee, Milk, Espresso, Black, Not Indigneous

Caimán/Cocodrilo

• Crocodile

Caimaron/Puruma/Uvilla/Uva

• Amazon Tree Grape, Fruit, Little Known, Indigneous

Caimito/Abiu/Estrella

• Star Apple, White And Purple, Indigenous

Calabacita/Calabacin

• Squash, Zuchinni, Indigneous, Summer, Crookneck Etc.

Calabash

• Bottle Gourd, Not Indigenous

Calabaza/Ayote/Calabazo

• West Indian Pumpkin, Indigneous

Calamar 

• Squid, Calamari, Many Types And Sizes

Calamondin/Panama Orange

• Small Orange Like Fruit

Calderon

• Whales, Medium Sizes, Several Varieties

Caldo De Pato, Pollo

• Duck, Chicken Stew Or Soup

Caldo

•  Broth, Soup Or Stock

Calentar

• Heat/Warm

Callao/Callaloo Leaves

• Taro/Amaranth/Cassava Greens, Indigenous, Many

Callaloo

•  A Mixed Meat Stew/Soup, Much Confusion

Camaron

• Shrimp, Sea And Fresh Water, Farmed 7+ Varieties

Camaron Carabali/Tigre

• Tiger Or Zebra Shrimp

Camarónes Seco

• Dried Shrimp For Powder

Cambombia/Cambute

•  Conch, Conk, Sea Snail

Camote

• Sweet Potato, Edible Leaves, Indigenous

Cana De Azucar

• Sugar Cane, Not Indigneous

Canastitas

• A Savory Or Sweet Little Baskets

Canela 

• Mexican Cinnamon, Mild, Not Indigneous

Cangrejo

• Crab, Land And Sea, Often Smoked

Capa  

• Layer

Capachomanso/Chisgua

• Achira, Canna Lilly, Arrowroot, Not Indigenous

Capear

• Batter And Fry

Capulin/Cereza/Cerezo

•  Wild Cherry, Indigenous

Caqui  

• Persimmon, Not Indigenous

Caraco 

•  Snail

Caradamomo

• Cardamon, Not Indigenous

Carajota, Agujon, Agoja

• Needlefish, Several Species

Carambola

• Star Fruit, Not Indigenous

Carambolero/Arbol De Pepino

•  Balimbing, Five Finger

Carao   

• Stinking Toe, Indigenous

Cardamom

• Cardamom, Not Indigenous

Cardinal 

• Grosbeak

Carimanola 

• Cigar Shaped Yuca, Filled With Picciadio, Hard Eggs

Carmelo

• Carmel For Flans, The Candy

Carne De Guisar

• Stew Meat

Carne Picada

• Minced Meat

Carne Vieja Or Ropa Vieja

• Old Beef Or Old Clothes, Stew-Dried Meat

Carne

• Meat, Often Applied Only to Beef

Carne De Res Molinda/Picada

• Ground Or Minced Beef

Carpa  

• Carp

Carta

• Menu

Casabe

• Cassava Bread

Casareep/Pepper Pot Seasoning

• Reduced Cassava Juice, Cinnamon, Cloves And Sugar

Cascara/Peladura

• Rind/Shell/Zest

Cassava/Yuca/Manioc/Mandioca

• A Food Staple, When Processed It’s Tapioca, Indigenous

Cassia

• Bark Like Cinnamon But Stronger, Not Indigenous

Castana

• Bread Fruit, Not Indigenous

Castano De Agua/Guayana

• Money Tree, Malabar Chestnut, Seeds Eaten, Indigenous

Cazo 

• Pan/Sauce Pan

Cazon

• Dog Fish, Several Species Of Small Sharks

Cazuela 

•  Dutch Oven

Cebolla

• Onion, Some Indigenous

Cebollana

• Chives, Some Indigenous

Cebollitas

• Green Onions/Scallions Some Indigenous

Cecina/Tasajo

• Cured Dried Beef Or Pork, Like Chipped Beef, Soak First

Cena 

• Dinner/Supper

Cenir  

• Sift, As In Flour

Centollo

• Spider Crab, Legs Eaten

Centra De Cadera

•  Flank Steak

Centro De Esdailla

• Blade Steak Or Roast

Cepillar 

• Brush, As In Egg Wash

Cerdo De Esadilla

• Pork Blade/Butt Steak

Cerdo Picado

•  Minced/Ground Pork

Cerdo

• Pork

Cereza De Cayena/Quadrada

• Surinam Cherry, Indigenous

Cereza De Tierra, Alquejenje

• Golden Berry, Cape Gooseberry, Indigenous

Cereza/Capulin

• Cherry, Several Indigenous Varieties

Ceriman, Monstera

• Cheese Plant, Mexican Breadfruit, Toxic Unripend

Cero

• Mackerel

Casumbi/Gato Jujuna

• Kinkajou

Ceviche

• Citrus Marinated Fish, Meat

Chabacano

• Apricot, Not Indigenous, Commonly Used As A Euphemism

Chamberete/Jarrete                                       

• Shanks Hind Beef

Chamberete De Mano

• Front Shanks Beef

Charola  

• Baking Dish

Chaya/Espinaca Maya

• Tree Spinach, Maya Spinach. Indigenous

Chayote/Chocho/Guisquil

• Squash Like Gourd For Stews, Salads, Indigenous

Chicheme

• Cornmeal, Water or Milk, Sugar and Cinnamon Drink

Chirimoya/Cawesh

• Poshte, Well Known Exported Annona

Cojinua 

• Blue Runner, Perch Like, Jack

Cojoba/Parica/Yopo/Napo

• Ground Seeds, A Psychedelic Hallucinogen

Cola 

• Tail As In Lobster Or Shrimp

Corazon/Rinon/Negrito

• Cherimoya/Annona, Many Cultivars, Indigenous

Chicha 

• Infused Beverage Fruit Or Vegetable, Often Fermented

Chicharron

• Pork Crackling Or Bits Of Deep Fried Pork/Chicken

Chila/Melocotonero

• Cassabanana, Long Colored Melon, Indigenous

Chimcuhrri     

• Herbs, Garlic, Citrus Sauce For Meat, Argentinian But Ubiqtious

Chino Chino

• A Chinese Chinese Market

Chino

• Colloquialism For Market, A Chinese Person

Chipitos

• Fried Plantain Chips

Chiricano 

• Fresh Corn, Coconut, Cane Juice, Wrapped, Roasted

Chirimoya/Chirimuya

• Custard Apple, Annona Family, Indigenous

Chirivia/Pastinaca

• Parsnip/ Not Indigenous

Ciruela

• Mombin, Indigenous

Chiva/Chivo

•  Goat

Chorizo

• Cured Spanish Paprika Sausage, Not Raw Mexican

Chorrito 

• A Pinch Or Dash

Chuelata De Lomo De Res

• Beef T Bone Or Del Monico Steak

Chueleta De Aguaron

• Top Sirloin Steak

Chueleta De Dos Lomos

• Porterhouse Steak

Chueleta 

• Chop Or Steaks, Bone In

Chuleton

•  Large Beef Chop, Huge Sometimes

Chupa Chupa/Matisia

• A Sapote (Soft Eatable Fruit) One Of Many, Indigenous

Cinta 

• The Chain From The Filet Strip

Ciruela Pasa

• Prune, Euphemism, Some Indigenous

Ciruela   

• Plum, Many Varieties, Some Indigenous

Clara De Huevo

• Egg White

Clavo

• Cloves, Nail, Dried Unopened Blossom, Not Indigenous

Coati 

• Raccoon

Cocido Al Vapor

• Steamed

Cocinar A Fuego Lento

• Simmer

Cocinar/Cocer

• To Cook/Bake

Cocinero

•  Cook

Coco, Pipa

• Coconut, Possibly Indigenous

Cocona/Cybiyu/Coconilla

• Orange Like, Little Known Commercially

Codillo

• Smoked Pork Shank, Ham Hock

Codorniz

• Quail, Indigenous

Col Picada En Salmuera

• Sauerkraut

Col Rizada/Forrajera

• Kale

Col/Repollo

• Cabbage, Not Indigenous

Colar

• Strain, Sheve

Coles De Bruselas

• Brussel Sprouts, Not Indigenous

Coliflor 

• Cauliflower, Not Indigenous

Combinar

• Combine

Comida Basura

•  Junk Food, Garbage Food

Comino

• Cumin, Not Indigenous

Comiso

• Bagged Lunch

Completamente

• Throughly Or Completely Mixed

Conch/ Conk

•  Sea Snail Like Abalone, A Caribbean Favorite

Conchas 

• Shell Or Sliced Rolled Flank Steak

Conchuela

•  Scallops

Condimento

• Condiment

Conejo

• Rabbit In Spanish

Conejo/Paca

• Panamian Rodent

Conejo/Sapo

• Pufferfish

Congelado

• Frozen

Congelador

• Frezze

Copos De Maiz Tostados

• Corn Flakes

Corbina

• Corvina,  Sea Bass, An Over Used Name For Many Species

Cordero

• Lamb

Cortado En Cuatro

• Cut Into Quarters

Cortar En Cuadritos

• Diced, Cubed

Cortar En Lonchas

• To Slice

Cortar

• To Cut Or Trim

Coriando

• Coriander Seed Or Ground

Costillas/Chuleta/ De Lomo

• Rib Eye Roasts, Steaks And Backribs

Costillas

• Ribs

Coucou 

•  Okra And Cornmeal Gruel

Crema Agria

•  Sour Cream

Crema De Cacahuate

• Peanut Butter

Crema Para Batir

• Whipping Cream

Crema Pastelero

• Pastry Cream

Crema

• Cream

Crema Tartaro

•   Cream Of Tartar

Crepe 

• Pancake Or Crepe

Criolla 

• Creole, Born, Made Or From Here, Local

Crudo  

• Raw, Unfinshed

Crujiente 

• Crispy

Cubir

• Cover

Cuajilote/Guajilote

•  Candle Tree

Cuchara De Medir

• Measuring Spoon

Cuchara De Servir

• Service Spoon

Cuchara

• Spoon

Cucharada

• Tablespoon

Cucharadita 

• Teaspoon

Cucharones

• Ladles

Cuchillo

• Knive

Cuenco

• Bowl

Cueta

• Eye Of Round

Culantro

• Tougher, Spiky And Traditional 70+ Names Worldwide

Culita De Res/Cerdo

• Oxtail Or Pork “Cerdo” Tail

Curcuma

• Turmeric, Indian Saffron, Colorant For Curries
• Dar La Vuelta                                                 To Turn Over

Dasayuno

• Breakfast

Dasheen

• Leaves Of The Otoe, Taro Related Greens, Indigenous

De Gustacion

• Tasting/Sampling

Degrasar

• Degrease

Dejar 

• Marinate

Delfin 

• Dolphin, Many Varieties

Dende/Aceite De Palma

• American Palm Oil, Not Indigenous

Derretido

• Melted As In Cheese Or Chocolate

Derretir

• To Melt

Desayuno

• Breakfast

Deshuesar

• Debone

Desvenar

• Devein, Like Shrimp

Dientes  

• Teeth, Cloves Of Garlic

Diezmillo  

• Beef Chuck

Dividir En Dos

• Cut In Half, Divide or Tres in Thirds … etc

Doblar

• Double, Fold In Half

Domplin

• Dumpling From Any Starchy Cultivar

Dorado

• Dolphin Fish Aka Mahi Mahi

Dorar 

• To Brown

Dulce 

• Sweet, Dessert Or Snack

Durazno  

• Peach, Not Indigenous

Ejotes 

• Green Beans, Many Varieties, Indigenous

Elote 

• Fresh Corn, Indigenous

Embutido

• Cold Cuts Or Sausage Or Making Them

Embutidos

• Sandwiches, Cold Cuts, Deli Meats

Empanada Picadillo

• Filled Turnover, Sweet Or Savory, With Pastry Or Vegetable Wrapper

Emparedado

• Sandwich

En Lata

• Canned

En Trozos

•  In Slices Or Pieces

Encender

• Light, Lightly

Encurito 

• Pickled Vegetable Relish For Everything, Not Indigneous

Endibia 

•  Endive

Endulzar

• Sweeten

Eneldo

• Dill Weed, Not Indigenous

Enfriar

• Chill

Engrasdo

• As In Grease A Pie Pan Or A Pig

Enharinar

• To Flour

Ensalada

• Salad

Ensaladera

• Salad Bowl

Entero

• Whole

Entrada

• Entree

Erizo Comun

• Porcupinefish

Esbeche

• Fried Fish Doused in Vinegar Or A Vinegrette

Escaldar 

• Scald

Escalfado

• Poached As Eggs Or Salmon

Escalopes 

• Scallops Of Pounded Meat, Cutlets

Escurridos  

• Drained

Escurrir   

• Drain

Espada, Pez

• Swordfish

Espaldilla

• Flank Steak

Espesar

• Thicken

Espinacas

• Spinach, Not Indigenous

Esponja Vegetal

• Loofah/Sponge Gourd, Eatable Fresh, Indigenous

Esponja

• Sponge

Espuma 

• Foam: Like On The Top Of Boiling Beans Or A Tready Sauce

Espumadera

• Slotted Kitchen Spoon

Estofado  

• Stew Or Casserole

Estragon

• Tarragon, Not Indigneous

Estufa

•  Stove

Exprimir

• To Squeeze; Like Juice A Lemon

Faisan 

• Pheasant

Falda De Res

• Flank Steak, Sometimes Flank Steak Tips

Fedios

• Angel Hair Pasta

Filete De Lomo

• Filet Of Beef Or Pork

Filete De Pechuga 

• Boneless Chicken Breast

Filet De Muslo

• Boneless Chicken Thigh Or Leg Meat

Flan  

• Custard

Flor De Calabaza

• Squash Blossoms, Flowers

Fogon

• Triangle Shaped Hearth, Rural Technology

Fonda

• Small Food Outlet

Fondo

• Soup, Consommé

Formas 

• Shapes, Molds

Foutou

• Plantains And Manioc Mashed

Frambuesa/Mora De Castilla

• Rasperries, Not Indigenous

Freir

• To Fry

Fresas 

• Strawberry, Wild Indigenous Varieties

Frijol 

•  Beans, Other Euphemisms Used

Frijol Pelon, De Vaca, Poroto

• Black Eyed Peas, Cow Pea

Frito   

• Fried

Fritura 

• Fritter, Croquette Of Various Types Fried

Fruta De Pan

• Breadfruit, Not Indigenous

Fruta

• Fruit

Fuego Fuerte

• High Heat, Strong Flame

Fufu, Foufou, Monfango

• Polenta Of Yam, Cassava, Or Plantain, Mush – Gruel

Fundir

• To Melt

Galanga

• Galangal, Blue Ginger Used In Thai Cuisine

Galleta

• Cracker Or Cookie

Gallina

• Old Laying Hen For Boiling Or Stewing

Gallinitas

• Game Hens

Gallo 

• Rooster, Often A Capon

Gallo Pinto

• Beans And Rice, Spotted Rooster, Ubiquitous

Gandinza

• Pork Liver

Gandules/Guandu

• No Eyed, Pigeon, Congo, Cow Peas, Not Indigenous

Ganzo/Ganso

• Goose

Garbanzo 

• Chic Pea, Not Indigenous

Gato

• Cat, Used With Many Other Adjectives, Many Usages

Gato Solo

• Coati

Gelatina 

• Jelly, Gelatin, Jello

Girasol

• Sun Flower, Indigenous

Girasole/Gerasole

• Jerusalem Artichoke, Sunchoke, Not Indigenous

Gota De Miel

• Honeydew Melon, Not Indigenous

Granada, Manzana Chino

• Pomegranate, Several Types, Not Indigneous

Granadillas/Maracuya

• Passion Fruit, 50 Indigenous Species

Grasa

• Grease Or Fat

Grosella, Guinda

•  Bitter Gooseberry, Various Colors, Not Indigenous

Guabilla/Guama De Rió/Inga

• Small Hand Eaten Fruit, Indigenous

Guacamayo

• Mackaw

Guacho

• Soup Or Stew Like, Many Representations

Guaho

• Wahoo

Guajanas

• Sugar Cane Flowers/ Peeled Raw, Battered, Cooked

Guaje

•  Luciana, Wild Tamarind, An Old Native Food

Gualiriyu/Pargo Pluma

• Wrasse/Hog Fish

Guanabana/Graviola

• Soursop, Another Annona, Indigenous

Guasca/Chumica

• Herb For Soups, Indigenous

Guatacare

• Tobaccofish

Guayaba/Guyava

• Guava, 100 Plus Species, Indigneous

Guenepa/Genip/Seso Vegetal

•  Ackee, Not Indigenous

Guineos 

• Bananas, Not Indigenous, Well Used Appellation

Guingambo

• Okra, Not Indigenous

Guisado 

• Stewed, The Cooking Method For Panamanians

Guisante, Arveja, Frijolitos

• Pea As In Petite Pois

Haba de Burro/Judia Sable

• Jack Bean, Horse Bean, Indigenous

Habas/Caracuta/Kedeba

• Lima, Fava And Many Others, Some Indigenous

Habas Largas/Bora/Bodi

• Long Beans, Not Indigenous, Cow Pea Related

Habichuela, Negro, Blanca, Rosita

• Bean, Black, White, Pink Etc-Etc-Etc

Habichuelas Frescas

• Green String Beans, Indigenous

Halibut

• Halibut, None Here Unless Imported

Harina 

• Flour

Helado 

• Ice Cream

Hervir  

• Boil

Hielo

• Ice

Hierbabuene/Yerbabuena

• Mint, Many Varities Some Indigenous

Higado

• Beef Liver

Higo Chumbo

• Cactus Prickly Pear, Indigenous

Higo

• Fig, Not Indigneous

Hinojo, Eneldo

• Fennel, Not Indigenous

Hoja; Pez

• Peacock Flounder

Hojaldre

• Fry Bread, Puff Paste Dough

Hojas

• Leafs For Wrapping Or Herb Leaf, Pastry

Hojas de Guineo

• Banana Leaves, Wrappers, Undeliners

Hojas De Mostaza

• Mustard Greens, Not Indigenous

Hojuela

• Pancakes

Hormiguero Gigante, Oso Caballo

• Ant Eater, Four Indigenous Species

Hongo, Seta, Champinon

• Mushroom, Many Varieties Some Indigenous

Hornear

• To Bake

Horno De Microonda

• Microwave

Horno

• Oven

Huesos

•  Bones

Huesos Rojo

• Neck Bones, Beef

Huevo Duro/Cocidos

• Boiled/Hard Eggs

Huevo Frito

• Fried Egg

Huevo Revueltos

• Scrambled Eggs

Huevo Tibio

• Soft Boiled Egg

Huevo

•  Egg And Caviar

Icaco/Hicaco

• Cocoplum, Not Indigenous

Icaza/Icaco, Zicate

• Coastal Coco Plum, Out Of Hand, Indigenous

Iguana

• Iguana, Several Species, During The Colonial Period The Church Said It Was Not Meat

Imbu/Unbu/Ciruela/Jocote

• Hog Plum, Yellow Mombin, Indigenous

Inga Cupo/Cipo

• Ice Cream Bean, Pulp Eaten, Not Seeds, Up To 2’

Jabon

• Soapfish

Jaca, Rima, Many Euphemisms

• Jackfruit, Worlds Largest Tree Fruit, Not Indigenous

Jacote

• Mombin, Several Colors, Indigenous

Jacote de Maranon

•  Cashew “Fruit”, Beverage

Jaiba 

• Crab

Jaltomalo

• Creeping False Holly

Jamican Pepper

• Allspice, Indigenous

Jamon

• Ham

Jarra

• Jar Or Jug

Jarrete

• Leg Of Beef Or Shank

Jengibre

• Ginger, Not Indigenous

Jerk 

• Spice Blend, Pulled Meat

Jicama/Ajipo

• Yam Bean, A Sweet Root Vegetable, Indigenous

Jobito, Ciruela Troqueadora

• Jamaica Plum, Red Mombin, Indigenous

Jugo

• Juice

Jugoso

• Juicy

Jurel/Cojinoa/Jurelete

• Jack And Trevally Or Sabalo, Several Species

Lado

• Side

Langosta

• Lobster, Many Species

Langostino

• Red Prawns, Crayfish

Lapón Escorpión

• Spotted Scorpionfish

Lata 

• Can Or Tin

Lavar 

• Wash

Leche Condensada

• Condensed Milk

Leche 

• Milk

Lechia/Lychee

• Litchi Nut, Not Indigenous

Lechon

• Whole Pig Or A Food Stand That Sells All The Parts

Lechuga

• Lettuce, Not Indigneous

Legumbre   

• Vegtable

Lengua 

•  Tongue

Lenguado/Lenguadito

• Flounder Or Sole, Several Species Of Each

Lenteja  

•  Lentil, Not Indigenous But Very Popular

Leren, Cocurito/Agua Bendita

• Guinea or Arrowroot Root, Indigenous

Leon Montes

• Puma, Mountain Lion

Levandura En Polvo

• Baking Powder/ Sometimes Yeast

Libre  

• Pound

Licores

• Liquors

Licuado

•  Blended Fruit And Water Beverage

Lima   

• Lime, Not Indigenous

Limón Dulce

• Sweet Lemon, Not Indigenous

Limón Verde, Criollo

• Key Or West Indian Lime, Not Indigenous

Limon  

• Lemon, Not Indigenous

Limoncillo, Mamee Ciruela

• Canistel, Egg Fruit, Many Euphemisms, Indigenous

Lisa  

• Mullet, Salt And Fresh Water

Liso  

• Smooth Muscle, Lean Pork

Liso De Cerdo

• Pork Sirloin Strip Or Loin

Lobina, Robalo

• Bass Or Snook

Lomo  

• Back The Title For Cuts From The Back

Lomo 

• Sir Loin, Top, T-Bone, Filet

Lomo Chato

• Top Sirloin

Lomo De Res

• Strip, T-Bone, Porterhouse Or Filet

Longaniza

• Spanish Sausage

Loro

• Parrotfish, Flashy Many Species

Lucuma/Lucmo

• Fruit, Desserts, Ice Cream, Indigenous

Lufa/Esponja Vegetal

•  Luffa, Two Types, One Eatable, Not Indigenous

Macadamia

• Macadamia, Commercially Grown, Not Indigenous

Macarrones Gratinados

• Baked Macaroni And Cheese

Macarrones 

• Macaroni

Machacar

• To Crush Or Grind

Macho De Monte

• Tapir

Macis

• Mace, Covering Of The Allspice Berry, Indigenous

Madrono/Charichuela

• Lemon Like Fruit, Indigenous

Maduro

• Ripe

Magdalena

• Cup Cake

Magro 

• Lean As Beef

Mahonesa/Mayonesa

•  Mayonnaise

Maicena

• Corn Starch

Majito   

• Rum, Mint, Sugar And Lime Drink Or Sauce

Malabar 

• Saba Nut, Provision Tree, Nut, Leaf, Flowers Eatable

Malanga/Calluloo/Otoe

• American Taro, Starchy Root, Many Confusing Names

Maltesda

• Maltled Milk Shake

Mamee Cerera/Ciruela

• Canistel, Eggfruit, Indigenous

Mamee/Abrico De Para/Abricote

• Apple Like, San Domingo, S.A. Apricot, Indigenous

Mamey De La Tierra

• Sapote, Many Varieties, Confusing, Indigenous

Mamey

• Fruit, Ice Cream Flavor, Indigenous, Not Exported

Mamon Chino

• Rambutan, Not Indigenous

Mamon/Mamoncillo/Quenepa

• Genip, Spanish Lime, Indigenous, Bark For War Paint

Mamon/Lucma/Rucma

• Lucmo, Little Know Or Exported, Indigenous

Manati  

• Manatee

Manchego

• Spanish Cheese Great For Melting

Mandarina

•  Mandarin Orange, Tangerine, Not Indigenous

Mango/Huevos De Toro/Manga

• Mango, Perhaps 1000 Varieties, Not Indigneous

Mangostin/Mangostán/Sastra

• Mangosteen, Purple, Fruit And Seeds Eaten, Not Indigenous

Mangotin

• Purple Mombin, Spanish Plum, Not Indigenous

Mani/Manises

• Peanuts, Indigenous

Manitas De Cerdo

• Pigs Feet

Manteca De Res

•  Beef Fat, Suet

Manteca

•  Pork Lard

Mantequilla

• Butter

Manzana

• Apple, Not Indigenous

Manzanilla

• Little Apple, Not Indigenous

Maracuya 

•  Purple Passion Fruit. Indigenous

Maranon Curazao

• Mountain Apple, Wax Jambu, Not Indigenous

Maranon/Caja Acaju

• Cashew And Its Apple, Actually The Seed, Indigenous

Margarina

• Margarine

Marinar/Marinado

• Marinate

Mariposa 

• Butterflyfish, Many Varieties

Marisco

• Seafood, Usually Meaning Shellfish

Marlin  

•  Marlin, Several Species

Marolo  

• Pond Apple, Another Annona, Indigenous

Marron 

• Stem Of The Cashew, Vegetable, Indigenous

Masa 

• Tamale Dough, Empanada Dough, Any Starch, Tortillas

Matassano, Zapote Blanco

• White Sapote, Indigenous

Matimba/Guanábano Pun

• Soncoya, Another Annona, Indigenous

Mazamorra 

• Corn Starch Thickened Chicha with Fruit

Mazorcas 

• Corn On The Cob

Mejillones

• Mussels

Mejorana

• Marjoram, Not Indigenous

Melaza/Miel De Cana

• Molasses

Melicocca

• Mamoncillo/Genip, Indigenous

Melissa

• Lemon Balm

Melano 

•  Orange Horny Melon, Indigenous

Melocoton/Durazno

• Peach Not Indigenous

Melon Chino

• Canteloupe Not Indigenous

Melon

• Melon Not Indigenous

Membrillo

• Quince Or Quince Paste Snack, Not Indigenous

Menta/ Hierba Buena

• Mint Not Indigenous

Menudencias 

• Giblets

Merluza

• Hake Or Whiting

Mermelada 

• Jam, Marmalade

Mero  

•  Grouper Several Varities

Metate 

• Three Legged Grinding Stone

Mezclar

• To Mix

Miaz 

• Dried Corn

Michita 

• Hot Dog Bun Shaped Local Bread

Miel 

•  Honey

Migas

•  Bread Crumbs

Milanesa  

• Any Cutlet, Breaded

Milpa

•  A Mixed Use Farming Method, Like A Coneco

Mimbro/Tiriguro

• Bilimbi, A Sort Of Carambola Or Star Fruit, Not Indigenous

Mocambo

• Cacao Like Seeds And Fruit, Indigenous

Mofeta/Zorilla

•  Skunk

Mofongo

•  Plantain “Meatballs”, Mixed Casserole

Mojarra

• Vieja, 16 Species

Mola/Pez Luna

•  Sunfish, Several Species

Molar/Molido

• Ground, To Grind

Molde Para Pastel

• Cake Pan

Molde/Moldear

• Mold, To Mold-Shape

Molida, Carne

• Grind, Hamburger

Molido 

• Ground

Molle/Molli

• Various Forms Of Pepper, Real & False

Mollejas

•  Stewed Chicken Intestine/Gizzards Appetizer

Mollejas De Res/Lechecillas

• Sweetbreads, The Beef Thymus

Mollete

• Muffin

Mombin/Ciruela

• Term Applied To Various Plum Like Fruits

Mono

• Monkey

Mondongo 

• Tripe Stew Lots Of Starchy Vegetables

Moras 

•  Berries, Not Indigenous

Mora Negra

• Blackberries, Not Indigenous

Moros Y Cristianos   

• Black Beans And Rice, Moors & Christians

Morros  

• Cheeks Like Beef And Pigs Or Cod

Mostaza

• Mustard, Not Indigenous

Mujol

• Mullet

Mula

• Rabbit

Mullaca/Camapu

• Wild Tomato, Winter Cherry, Hand Eaten, Indigenous

Muslo

• Muscle, Thigh As In Chicken

Nabo 

• Turnip, Not Indigenous

Najo/Naju/ Chimbombo

• Okra, Baby Okra, Not Indigenous

Name /Yampi/Mapuey/Napi

• Yam, Several Colors, 8 Different Ones, Indigneous

Nance Dulce

• Yellow Small Fruit In Syrup, Indigenous

Nance/Chaparro/Yuco/Nanzi

• Fruit, Chicas, Golden Spoon, Wild Cherry, Shoemakers Tree

Naranja Agria/Acida/Amarga

• Seville Bitter Blood Orange, Not Indigenous

Naranja

• Sweet Orange, Not Indigenous

Naranjilla//Lulo

• Hairy Little Orange Like Fruit, Indigenous

Natilla/Nata Agria

• Sour Cream

Natillas

• Custard/Flan

Neque 

• Agouti, Large Rodent

Nispero De Japon

• Loquat, Not Indigenous

Nispero/Zapotilla/Chicle

• Sapodilla/Naseberry, Indigenous

No Engordante

• Non Fattening

Nogales

• Walnuts, Not Indigenous

Nopal

• Cactus Paddles, Indigenous

Nuez Moscada

• Nutmeg, Not Indigenous

Nuez 

•  Nut

Nutria 

• Otter

Olla Expres

• Pressure Cooker

Olla

• Pot

Olospo 

• Pickle Like Fruit, Little Known, Indigenous

Onza 

• Ounce

Osso Bucco

• Shank, Beef

Orca 

• Whale, Killer And False

Orégano Brujo

• Wild Orégano

Oregano

•  Oregano, Not Indigenous

Orejas

•  Ears As In Pig

Ostion

• Oyster

Ostionaeria

• Small Seafood Diner, Oyster Bar

Oto/Otoe/Malanga

• Starchy Taro Root, Purple, Yellow, Fuzzy

Pacay, Inga Feuileei

• Like The Ice Cream Bean, Pulp Eaten

Paella 

• Spanish Rice Casserole

Paleta

• Chuck, Pot Roast, Blade Steaks, Short Ribs

Paletilla

• Beef Chuck

Palmera

• Palm Trees Fruits, Hearts, Cabbage, Oil & Wine 100’s

Palmitos

• Heart Of Palm, Indigenous

Palo De Velas

• Candle Tree, Fruit Resembles Candles, Not Indigenous

Paloma

• Dove

Palomilla De Res

• Top Sirloin

Palomilla De Punta

• Tri Tip

Palomitas De Maize    

• Popcorn

Pampano

• Pompano

Pan De Molde

• Sliced Bread, A Pullman Loaf

Pan Intergal

• Whole Wheat

Pan Molido

• Bread Crumbs

Pan

• Bread

Pana/Panapen/Fruta De Pan

• Bread Fruit, No Seeds, Not Indigenous

Panela/Panocha/Piloncilla

• Unrefined Sugar

Panqueque/Hojuela/Panque

• Pancake

Papa Fritas/Francesas

• French Fries Or Chips

Papagayo 

• Parrot

Papa/Patata

• Potato, Indigenous

Papaya/Mamao/Lechoza

•  Several Varieties, Indigenous Herb/Plant

Papel De Aluminio

•  Aluminum Foil

Papel

• Paper

Para Guava/Araca Pera

• Another Guava, Indigenous

Parcha

• Passion Fruit/ Indigenous

Pargo     

• Snapper, Perhaps 8 Varieties/Sea Bream

Parrilla  

• Grill Or Grill Restaurant

Pasar Por Cedazo

• To Shift

Pasito/Majaguillo

• Jamaica Cherry, Indigenous

Pastel

• Cake

Pasteles

• Stuffed Dumplings, Wrapped In Leaves Coked

Pastelitos

• Small Empanadas, Tapas

Pastinara/Chirivia

• Parsnip, Not Indigenous

Pasty/Pattie

• Caribbean Empanadas, Lightly Curried Dough

Patacones

• Flattened, Twice Fried Plantain Slices

Patas De Cerdo

• Pork Trotters, Pigs Feet

Pato 

• Duck

Pava 

• Turkey Hen

Pavera 

• Roasting Pan

Pavo/Guajolote

• Turkey Tom

Pay

• Pie

Peanut Butter Fruit/Bunchosia

• It Smells And Tastes Like It, Indigenous

Pecho Curado

•  Corned Beef Brisket

Pecho De Res

• Fresh Brisket, Pot Roast

Pechuga 

Breast As In Chicken, Turkey Or Duck

Pegao 

• Hard Rice Residue Like Sizzling Rice

Pejibaye Palm

• Peach Palm Tree Providing Hearts Of Palm, Indigenous

Pejibaye/Piva/Pixba/Cachipay

• Peach Palm Fruit, And Flowers, Street Food Indigenous

Pelador 

• Potato Peeler

Pelar/Pelado

• To Peel, Peeled Or Skinned

Pepinillo

• Gherkins

Pepino/Pepino Dulce

• Native Cucumber Like

Pepino Chino

• Cucumber, Not Indigenous

Pepita

• Small Seed

Pera 

• Pear, Not Indigenous

Percha

• Fresh Water Perch

Perejil 

• Parsley, Not Indigenous

Perezoso

• Sloth, Several Species

Perico

• Parrakeet

Perifollo

• Chervil, Not Indigenous

Pernil De Cerdo

• Pork Shoulder, Boston Butt-Picnic Ham

Perro Caliente

• Hot Dog

Pescado

• Fish, Usually Applies  To Fin Fish

Pescuezo

• Necks, Like Beef And Chicken

Pez Espada

• Swordfish

Pez Gallo

• Rooster Fish

Picadillo

• Forcemeat With Raisins, Olives & Sofrito

Picado

• Pieces as in Steak Picado

Picante    

• Spicy

Picar

• Chop

Pichon 

• Pidgeon

Picuda 

• Barracuda

Piel  

• Skin

Pierna 

• Leg/Shoulder/Round Top And Bottom

Pimenta  

• Allspice Berries, Indigenous

Pimenta Negra/Blanco

• Pepper Black/White

Pimenta Verde Fresca

• Fresh Green Peppercorns

Pimento De Cocinar

• Italian Frying Pepper, Kitchen Peppers

Pimento

•  Sweet Chili Pepper, Various Colors

Pimentón Dulce

• Paprika

Pimienta Jamaica            

• All Spice, Indigenous

Pina/Anana/Nanas

• Pineapple, Indigenous

Pincho

• Spanish Brochettes, Skewers

Pinon

• Pine Nut, Mostly Mexican

Pinuelero/Tepari

• Tepary Bean, Indigenous

Pintada

• Guinea Hen

Pionono

• Plantain Fritter Basket Stuffed

Pipa/Aqua De Coco

• Coconut Water

Piro/Rozelle/Naju

•  Sorrell, Not Indigenous

Pitahaya/Pitaya

• Strawberry Pear, Dragon Cactus Fruit, Indigenous

Pitanga/Cereza De Cayena/Cuadrada         Surinam Cherry, Purple, Indigenous

Pizca 

• A Pinch

Plancha 

• Grill, Flatop

Plantain 

• Vegetable Like Banana, Usually Cooked, Not Indigenous

Plantanitos

• Fried Plantain Chip

Plantano Macho

• Plantain Unripened

Plantano Maduro

• Ripe Fried Spears

Plantano 

• Various Varieties Of Bananas, Not Indigenous

Plantanos Tentacion

• Candied Plantains

Planton/Grande/Fuente

• Large Or Strong Platter

Platillo

• Small Plate

Plato

• Plate

Plato De Sopero

• Soup Plate

Plato Principal/Segundo

• Main Course, Entree

Pollo De Leche

• Frying Chicken

Pollo 

• Chicken

Pollo, Asar Y Frier

• Frying Or Baking Less Then 45 Days Old

Pollo Asar

• Roasting Chicken, 10 Weeks Old

Polvo De Hornear

• Baking Powder

Polvo     

• Powder, Granulated

Polvorear 

• To Powder, Dust

Pomarrosa/Manzanita De Rosa

•  Rose Apple, Not Indigenous

Pomelo/Pumello

• Grapefruit, Not Indigenous

Ponche 

• Punch

Poncho/Capyara

• Agouti

Poner Trocitos Encima

•  Dot With Butter, Oil, Cinnamon Etc.

Poner 

• Arrange

Poroto 

• Dried Beans

Poshe Te/Cawesh

Another Appreciated Annona, Indigenous

Postre 

• Pastry, Dessert

Presa De Pollo

• Chicken Pieces

Puerco-Espín 

• Porcupine

Puerco De Monte/Saimo

• Peccary/ Wild Pig Like

Puerro   

• Leek, Not Indigenous

Pulpa/Pierna

• Beef Round, Top, Bottom And Tip

Pulpa Larga/Blanca

• Beef Top  Round

Pulpa Negro

•  Beef Bottom  Round

Pulpa

• Pulp, Fruti Flesh

Pulpo

• Octopus

Punado

• A Handful

Punta De Palomilla

• Beef Tri Tip

Punta De Ricon

• Beef Hanger Steak, Onglet

Punto De Ebullición

• Boiling Point

Pure

• Puree

Quayatil Colorado, Joqua Blanco     Genipap, Wild For Beverage, Indigenous

Quemado 

• Burned

Quemador 

• Burner

Quemar

• To Burn, Carmelize

Quenepa China/Lichi

• Lychee, Not Indigenous

Queso Papa

•  Cheddar

Queso Blanco/Fresco

• Farmers Cheese

Queso 

• Chesses

Quetzal 

•  Bird, Sacred To Some, Dinner To Others

Quijos Granadilla

• Another Passion Fruit, Indigenous

Quimbombo China

• Roselle, Hibiscus, Flor/Rosa De Jamaica, Not Indigenous

Quimbombo/Quingombo/Naju

• Okra, Not Indigenous

Quita La Piel

• Remove Skin

Quitar  

• Get Rid Of, Remove

Rabano Picante/Rustico

• Horseradish, Not Indigenous

Rabano

• Radish, Not Indigenous

Rabo De Toro

• Oxtail, Sometimes Only The Upper Portion

Rajas 

• Strips

Rallar 

• To Grate

Ramita

• Sprig As In Parsley

Ramon 

• Breadnut Seed, Boiled And Ground, Indigneous

Raspadura

• Unrefined, Solid Brown Sugar

Raya/Chucho

• Sting Ray/Manta/Skate

Rebozar 

• To Coat, Mask

Recaito

• A Spanish Mirepoix Of  Garlic. Peppers, Culantro, Onion

Recar

• The Above, Packaged Fresh In The Produce Section

Receta 

• Recipe

Reducir 

• To Reduce As In Stocks

Refresco’s 

• Ripe Processed Fruit and Water Drink

Refresco/Gaseousa

• Carbonated Soda

Rellenar   

• Stuffed Or Filled

Relleno

• Filling

Remojar

• To Soak, Rehydrate

Remolacha

• Bee

Remora  

• Remora, Many Perch Like Species

Repollo

• Cabbage, Not Indigenous

Reposteria De La Casa

• Baked In House

Reposteria 

• Bakery

Res, Carne

• Beef, Meat

Ricon

• Eye Of Round

Rinon 

• Kidney

Robalo

• Snook, 8 Species

Rociando

• To Bastee

Rodaballo

• Turbot, None Here, Imported

Rodillo 

• Rolling Pin

Rollito 

• Roll

Romero 

• Rosemary, Not Indigenous

Ron   

• Rum

Ronco/Corocoro

• Grunts, Many Species

Ropa Vieja

• Old Clothes, Stew Of Shredded Shank, Beef

Rosbi 

• Roast Beef

Rosquilla

• Donut

Roti 

• Caribbean Crepe, Stuffed With Curried Something

Ruda

• Roux

Rueda

• Wheel,  Ham Or Leg Slice

Sabalo

• Tarpon, Large Game Fish

Sabana

• Pounded Tenderloin For Parilla

Sabor 

• Taste

Sacar Con Cuchara

• To Fill With A Spoon

Sal     

• Salt

Salado/Salada   

• Salted/Salty

Salao

• Salted Plum Sometimes Sweet & Sour

Salchicha 

• Vienna Like Sausage, Hot Dog, Sausage

Salchichon

• Salami

Salmon Ahumando

• Smoked Salmon

Salmon/Macaela

• Salmon

Salmonete/Macaela

• Salmon, Runner, Yellowtail

Salmpimemtar

• Season With Salt And Pepper

Salpicar  

• Sprinkle

Salsa Bechamel

• White Cream Sauce

Salsa De Soja/Chino

• Soy Sauce

Salsa Inglesa

• Worcestershire Sauce

Salsa

• Sauce

Salsa Tomate

• Tomato Sauce

Saltear/Sofreir

• Saute

Salvado

• Bran Like Oat Or Rice

Salvia/ Sagi

• Sage, Not Indigenous

Sancocho

• The Panamian Soup, Lots Of Roots, & Meats

Sandia

• Watermelon, Not Indigenous

Sangria 

• Fruity Wine Punch

Sapo/ Pez

• Checkered Pufferfish

Sapodilla/Nispero/Sapote

• Pear Like Fruit, Chicle, Rubber Tree Fruit, Indigenous

Sapote/Tzapoti/Zapote

• Sunsapote, Often Used Term, Confusing

Saril/Roselle/Flor De Jamaica

• Hibiscus Blossoms, For Infusions, Syrups, Not Indigenous

Sardinas 

• Sardines

Sarsaparilla/Cocolmeca

• Root Used In Early Soft Drinks

Sarten 

• Frying/Saute Pan

Sastra  

• Monkey Fruit, Another Magosteen, Indigenous

Sarzamora

• Blackberry, Not Indigenous

Sazon De A Concinera

• The Cooks Touch, Taste Or Seasoning

Sazon

• Seasoning, Like Lawry’s, Goya Spice Mixes

Sazonar 

• To Season With Salt, Pepper Or Base

Seco/ Secar

• Dry; To Do So

Seco/Seite Letras

• Triple Distilled, Unaged Cane Liquor, Campesinos Favorite

Sellar

• Seal

Semilla De Ajonjoli

• Sesame Seed, Not Indigenous

Semilla De Alcaravea

• Caraway Seed, Not Indigenous

Semilla De Amapola

• Poppy Seed, Not Indigenous

Semilla De Apio

• Celery Seed, Not Indigenous

Semillas

• Seeds

Servilleta

• Napkin

Seso Vegetable

• Ackee, Not Indigenous

Sesos  

• Brains

Sierra/Cero/Caballa

• Mackerel

Sin

• Without Any, None

Sirop

• Syrup

Sobremesa

• After Meal Conversation

Sofreir

• Light Saute, Stir Fry

Sofrito  

• Mirepoix Ham & Alcaparrado, Or Lightly Fried

Solomillo

• Tenderloin Steak, Beef Or Pork

Sopa De Pescado

• Fish Soup

Sopa De Venduras

• Vegetable Soup

Sopa Fideos

• Noodle Soup

Sopa Seco

• Rice & Pasta = Dry Soup

Sopa 

• Soup

Sopera

• Soup Bowl

Sopon 

• A Thick Meat & Rice Stew

Sorbete 

• Drinking Straw

Souse    

• Braised or Pickled  Pig Parts, Head Cheese

Steak Picado

• Beef, Onions, Peppers, Tomato In Sauce

Suiza

• Swiss Style

Sumergir

• Dip, Submerge

Sunsapote 

• Hand Fruit

Surimi 

• Shaped, Colored Ersatz Fish Types

Sweetsop 

• Sugar Apple, Another Annona, Often Used Term

Tachinos 

•  Plantain Chips

Taco Ala Pastor

• Meat Sliced Ala Minute Like Gyro’s

Tacuarazu

• Bamboo, Many Varieties, Some Indigenous

Tajadas 

• Slices/Fried Ripe Plantain Slices

Tallo 

• Kale Or Stalk

Tamal De Olla

• Tamale In Pie Form

Tamarindo

• Tamarind, Worcheshire Sauce, Not Indigenous

Tamizar 

• Seive

Tapadera 

• Lid
• Tapar                                                          Cover

Tarta, Torta

• Pie Or Tart

Tasajo

• Cured Or “Sundried” Beef Or Pork, Jerky, Rock Processed

Taza Para Medir

• Measuring Cup

Taza 

• Cup

Te Caliente

• Hot Tea

Te Helado

• Iced Tea

Te 

• Tea

Tenedor

• Fork

Ternera 

• Veal

Tiburón 

• Shark, Many Sizes And Species

Tierno

• Tender

Tigre

• Jaguar

Tigrillo

• Jaguarundi, Margay

Tilapia

• Tilapia, Farmed, Sea And Fresh

Tiritas 

• Strips

Tocino

• Bacon/Pork Fat

Tomatillo/Fresadilla

• Green Ground Husk Tomato, Indigenous

Tomate De Arbol/Tomarillo

•  Tree Tomato, Fruit, Many Varieties, Indigenous

Tomates

• Tomatoes, Indigenous

Tomillo

• Thyme, Not Indigenous

Topinambo/Pataca/Augaturma

• Jersusalem Artichoke, Sunchoke, Indigenous

Toronja

• Citrón, Usually Candied, Not Indigenous

Torrija  

• French Toast

Tortuga

• Turtle

Tostado/Tostador/Tostar

• Toasted, Toaster, To Toast

Tostonera

• Wooded Press, Flat Or Basket For Tostones

Tostones

• Twice Fried Plantains

Tocan 

• Toucan

Transferir

• Transfer

Trigo   

• Wheat, Not Indigenous, Whole Wheat Flour

Tripa/Mondango

• Tripe/ Tripe Stew

Trocitos De Pollo

• Chicken Nuggets

Trocitos 

• Nuggets As In Chicken

Trucha De Mar

• Sea Trout

Trucha   

• Trout

Tuna  

• Cactus Blossom, Many Types, Indigenous

Uchuva/Capuli/Uvilla

• Inca/Golden/Amazon Berry Very Sweet, Indigenous

Untar 

•  Smear

Uva  

• Grape, Not Indigenous

Uva De Playa, Papaturro

• Sea Grape, Resembles Grapes, Coastal, Indigenous

Uva Pasa

• Raisin

Vaca 

• Cow

Vaciar

• Empty

Vainas De Vainilla

• Vanilla Beans, Indigenous

Vainilla 

• Vanilla

Vapor 

•  Steam

Vaso

• Water, Drinking Glass

Venado/Ciervo

• Deer

Veneras

• Scallops

Verdura/Legumbre

• Vegetable

Verter

• Pour

Vinagre

• Vinegar, Not Indigenous

Vísceras De Cerdo O Res

• Parts And Offal Of Pork And Beef

Volador 

• Flying Fish, Several Species

Volver 

• Return

Yautia/Malanga/Tannier

• Root Like Corm, Several Varieties, Indigenous

Yema 

• Yolk

Yerba  

• Spanish For Herb, Lot Of Wild Varieties

Yerba Buena

• Wild Mint, Not Indigenous

Yerba Santa

• Licorice Flavored Herb

Yuca 

• Cassava, Manioc, Indigneous

Yuca Frita

• Deep Fried Yuca Fries Or Chips

Yucca  

• Flowers, Fruits and Stem Eaten, Not Root, Indigenous Cactus

Zahino/Saino

• Peccary, Wild Pig

Zanahoria  

• Carrot, Not Indigenous

Zapallo

• Squash, Zuchinni, Pumpkin, Gourd, Indigenous

Zapote Negro

• Black Sapote, More Like A Persimmon, Indigenous

Zapote/Mammee Sapota

• Sapote, Indigenous

Zazamora   

• Blackberry, Not Indigenous

Zifio  

• Whale, Rare Sighted, Various Species

Zorra  

• Opossum/Possum, Many Species